Although it’s referred to as a pill (singular), the abortion pill actually consists of two medications: mifepristone and misoprostol. Mifepristone is taken first. It cuts the supply of the hormone progesterone to the embryo, which is needed to maintain the pregnancy. Without a steady supply of progesterone, the embryo stops growing and eventually dies. Misoprostol is taken 24-48 hours later. This medication causes the uterus to contract and expel the embryo, which ends the pregnancy.

These pills are taken with the intention of ending a pregnancy. This is different from a miscarriage that happens spontaneously.

The abortion pill is only FDA-approved for up to 10 weeks from your last menstrual period[1]. If you take the abortion pill later on in your pregnancy, the risk of serious complications increases. You may need emergency surgery to stop heavy bleeding or complete the procedure if it fails or is incomplete.

No, a prescription from a provider or physician who is registered to prescribe the abortion pills is necessary. However, the FDA does permit pharmacies to become certified to dispense the abortion pill with a proper prescription[1]. 

The FDA advises against ordering the abortion pill online. Many online abortion pill providers are located overseas, so the pills they provide may not meet FDA standards[2]. These pills could be counterfeit, expired, or even tampered with. It’s best to err on the side of caution and avoid ordering the abortion pill online.

Abortion is currently banned in the state of Texas except to preserve the life of the mother. This does not affect care for miscarriage or ectopic pregnancies. A woman who obtains an abortion cannot be held criminally or civilly liable. Under Texas law, it is not legal to provide abortion pills or abortion-inducing drugs by mail. [3, 4]

1. FDA. (2023, September 1). Questions and Answers on Mifeprex. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/questions-and-answers-mifeprex
2.    Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. (2023, March 23). Mifeprex (Mifepristone). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/mifeprex-mifepristone-information 
3. Health and Safety Code Chapter 170A. Performance of Abortion, statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/HS/htm/HS.170A.htm#170A.002. Accessed 30 Dec. 2024.
4. Health and Safety Code Chapter 171. Abortion, statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/HS/htm/HS.171.htm#170A.002. Accessed 30 Dec. 2024.
5. “Miscarriage.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 8 Sept. 2023, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pregnancy-loss-miscarriage/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354304.